> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://kleros.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Research Overview

> Kleros is built on peer-reviewed research in cryptoeconomics, game theory, and decentralized justice

# Research

Kleros is grounded in academic research spanning cryptoeconomics, game theory, social choice theory, and legal studies. The protocol's design draws on peer-reviewed publications, and the team actively collaborates with researchers and institutions to advance the field of decentralized justice.

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## Research Areas

**Cryptoeconomics & Mechanism Design**: The incentive structures, voting systems, and attack resistance properties of the Kleros protocol. This includes Schelling point mechanisms, penalty/reward systems, and analysis of griefing attacks.

**Social Choice Theory**: Voting aggregation methods for multi-option disputes, including analysis of clone independence, Condorcet properties, and manipulation resistance across Plurality, Ranked Pairs, Schulze, and other systems.

**Random Number Generation**: Secure on-chain randomness for juror selection, covering Chainlink VRF, threshold signatures, and verifiable delay functions.

**Legal & Regulatory**: The status of decentralized arbitration under existing legal frameworks, enforceability of on-chain rulings, and the relationship between blockchain dispute resolution and traditional ODR (Online Dispute Resolution).

**Identity & Sybil Resistance**: Proof of Humanity as a foundation for one-person-one-vote systems, soulbound tokens, and PoH-gated jury selection.

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## Kleros Fellowship of Justice

The Fellowship of Justice program, launched in 2018, builds a community of researchers and practitioners contributing to decentralized justice. Fellows have researched topics including decentralized justice for environmental conflicts, blockchain-based dispute resolution in Brazil, AI-art copyright disputes, and scientific misconduct adjudication.

<Card title="Apply for the Fellowship" icon="graduation-cap" href="https://kleros.io/fellowship">
  The Fellowship is open for applications periodically. Check the Kleros blog for the latest cohort announcements.
</Card>

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## Doctoral Research Grant

Kleros has established the **Kleros Doctoral Research Support Grant** in partnership with the computer science department of the University of Oxford to co-fund doctoral research in areas relevant to decentralized dispute resolution.

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## What's Next?

<CardGroup cols={3}>
  <Card title="Papers" icon="file-lines" href="/research/papers">
    Published academic work by and about Kleros
  </Card>

  <Card title="Case Studies" icon="chart-bar" href="/research/case-studies">
    Real-world dispute outcomes and system analysis
  </Card>

  <Card title="Partnerships" icon="handshake" href="/research/partnerships">
    Academic and institutional collaborations
  </Card>
</CardGroup>